AqNova Marketplace Policies & Disclosures
Global Legal Footer Framework
Comprehensive Compliance & Platform Governance Reference
AML / KYC Obligations — Payment Processing & Regulatory Standing
FATF-Aligned | Global Regulatory Coverage | Risk-Based Approach
Arivon Holding Corporation | AqNova Marketplace
Effective Date: April 7, 2026 | Version 1.0 | CONFIDENTIAL — INTERNAL & REGULATORY USE
| CONFIDENTIALITY & DISTRIBUTION NOTICE This document contains sensitive compliance information and operational controls. It is published as part of AqNova's public-facing Platform Governance Framework for regulatory transparency purposes. Certain operational details (investigation thresholds, surveillance parameters, and internal escalation contacts) are maintained in a separate restricted-access AML Operations Manual not published in this framework. Questions regarding this Policy should be directed to: aml@aqnova.co Regulatory inquiries should be directed to: compliance@aqnova.co |
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This Anti-Money Laundering Policy ("AML Policy," "the Policy") establishes AqNova Marketplace's comprehensive framework for the prevention, detection, investigation, and reporting of money laundering, terrorist financing, proliferation financing, and related financial crimes across all jurisdictions in which AqNova operates.
The Policy is established pursuant to and in compliance with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations — the internationally recognized global standard for AML/CFT (Countering the Financing of Terrorism) — and the applicable national AML legislation of every jurisdiction in which AqNova conducts business. It governs AqNova's obligations as a payment-facilitating e-commerce platform, a data processor, and a commercial intermediary interacting with vendors, buyers, and payment processors across more than 25 countries.
This Policy applies to all employees, contractors, payment operations staff, compliance personnel, and senior management of AqNova and Arivon Holding Corporation. Compliance with this Policy is mandatory and non-negotiable. Violation of AML obligations — including willful blindness to suspected money laundering, failure to file required reports, or tipping off subjects of investigations — constitutes a serious disciplinary offense and may result in criminal liability.
| AML Policy — Core Architecture at a Glance Section 4.1 International Framework — FATF & Global Standards Section 4.2 Jurisdiction-by-Jurisdiction Legal Obligations Section 4.3 Risk-Based Approach & AML Risk Assessment Section 4.4 Customer Due Diligence (CDD) & Know Your Customer (KYC) Section 4.5 Enhanced Due Diligence (EDD) — High-Risk Customers & Transactions Section 4.6 Politically Exposed Persons (PEPs) Section 4.7 Beneficial Ownership Identification Section 4.8 Sanctions Screening & Prohibited Parties Section 4.9 Transaction Monitoring Section 4.10 Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML) — E-Commerce Specific Section 4.11 Suspicious Activity Reporting (SAR / STR) Section 4.12 Record-Keeping Requirements Section 4.13 AML Training & Awareness Section 4.14 Correspondent & Payment Processor Relationships Section 4.15 High-Risk Jurisdictions & Geographic Risk Section 4.16 Governance, Oversight & Accountability |
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The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is the global standard-setter for anti-money laundering, counter-terrorist financing, and counter-proliferation financing. Established in 1989 by the G7, FATF has 40 Recommendations covering: legal systems and law enforcement; preventive measures for financial institutions and designated non-financial businesses; transparency of beneficial ownership; and international cooperation.
AqNova's AML framework is designed to meet or exceed FATF Recommendations, in particular: Recommendation 1 (Risk-Based Approach); Recommendation 10 (Customer Due Diligence); Recommendation 12 (Politically Exposed Persons); Recommendation 15 (New Technologies — including digital assets and e-commerce platforms); Recommendation 16 (Wire Transfers); Recommendation 20 (Reporting of Suspicious Transactions); Recommendation 24 (Transparency of Beneficial Ownership); and Recommendation 25 (Legal Arrangements).
FATF periodically assesses member countries through Mutual Evaluation Reviews (MERs). Countries receiving poor ratings are placed on FATF's Enhanced Follow-Up ("Grey List") or High-Risk Jurisdictions subject to a Call for Action ("Black List"). AqNova's geographic risk policy (Section 4.15) is directly calibrated to FATF's current lists, updated upon each FATF plenary publication.
| Instrument | Key Relevance to AqNova |
|---|---|
| FATF 40 Recommendations (2012, updated 2023) | The primary global standard. AqNova's entire AML framework is structured to implement the FATF Recommendations proportionate to its risk profile as a marketplace platform and payment facilitator. |
| UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo Convention, 2000) | Established international standards for criminalizing money laundering; requires states to criminalize participation in organized criminal groups and laundering of proceeds of crime. National implementing legislation in all AqNova markets derives from this Convention. |
| UN Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC, 2003) | Requires states to criminalize corruption-related money laundering; mandates asset recovery mechanisms. Relevant to AqNova's anti-corruption and PEP screening obligations. |
| UN Security Council Resolutions on Terrorist Financing | UNSCR 1267 (1999), 1373 (2001), 2253 (2015), and subsequent resolutions establish the UN Consolidated Sanctions List and require states to freeze assets and prevent transactions with listed entities. AqNova screens all users against the UN Consolidated List. |
| FATF Guidance on Digital Identity (2020) | Provides guidance on digital KYC solutions and the use of technology for customer identity verification, directly applicable to AqNova's electronic onboarding processes. |
| FATF Guidance on Virtual Assets (2019, updated 2021) | Establishes AML obligations for Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs). Relevant to AqNova where cryptocurrency payment options are available. |
| Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units | Network of 164 Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs) that exchange information and intelligence to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. AqNova files reports with the applicable national FIU in each jurisdiction. |
| Wolfsberg Group AML Principles | Industry standards developed by major global banks providing guidance on correspondent banking, trade finance, and private banking. AqNova applies Wolfsberg principles to its payment processor relationships. |
| Law / Regulation | AML Obligations for AqNova |
|---|---|
| Bank Secrecy Act (BSA, 31 U.S.C. § 5311 et seq.) | The cornerstone of US AML law. Requires financial institutions and, where applicable, money services businesses to: maintain AML programs; file Currency Transaction Reports (CTRs) for cash transactions exceeding USD 10,000; file Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) for transactions involving USD 5,000 or more where money laundering is suspected; and maintain records. FinCEN (Financial Crimes Enforcement Network) administers BSA compliance. |
| USA PATRIOT Act (31 U.S.C. § 5318) | Title III (International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act) significantly expanded BSA requirements: mandatory customer identification programs (CIP); prohibition on shell bank correspondent accounts; due diligence for private banking; and enhanced information-sharing between financial institutions and government. |
| FinCEN Customer Due Diligence Rule (31 C.F.R. § 1010.230) | Requires covered financial institutions to identify and verify the identity of beneficial owners (25%+ ownership threshold) of legal entity customers and a controlling person. AqNova applies the beneficial ownership standard to all vendor business entities. |
| FinCEN Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 (AMLA 2020) | Most significant reform of US AML law in decades. Requires FinCEN to establish national AML/CFT priorities; expands whistleblower protections; extends BSA to cryptocurrency exchanges and antiquities dealers. |
| OFAC Regulations (31 C.F.R. Parts 500–598) | Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions. AqNova screens all users and transactions against the SDN (Specially Designated Nationals) list and all applicable sanctions programs. OFAC violations carry strict civil and criminal liability regardless of knowledge or intent. |
| California Money Transmission Act (Fin. Code § 2030 et seq.) | California's state-level money transmission licensing and compliance framework. AqNova's California-based payment operations comply with CMTA requirements and applicable DFP (Department of Financial Protection and Innovation) guidance. |
| New York Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) Part 504 | NYDFS requires New York-licensed financial institutions to maintain robust transaction monitoring and filtering programs. Informs AqNova's transaction monitoring standards for its US payment operations. |
| Directive / Regulation | AML Obligations for AqNova |
|---|---|
| 6th Anti-Money Laundering Directive (6AMLD, 2018/1673/EU) | The 6AMLD harmonizes the definition of money laundering offences across EU member states, extending liability to legal persons (companies) for AML violations. Creates 22 predicate offenses. Establishes criminal liability for aiding, abetting, inciting, and attempting ML offences. |
| EU AML Regulation (Proposed AMLR — EU Regulation replacing AMLD) | The EU's proposed single unified AML Regulation (replacing the AMLD framework) will directly apply across all EU member states without requiring transposition. Key provisions: mandatory 25% beneficial ownership threshold; harmonized CDD standards; prohibition on cash transactions above EUR 10,000; obligated entity expansion. AqNova monitors AMLR implementation timeline for compliance planning. |
| EU Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA — Regulation 2024/1620) | AMLA, established in Frankfurt, will have direct supervisory powers over the riskiest cross-border financial entities from 2025. AqNova monitors AMLA designation criteria. |
| EU Transfer of Funds Regulation (TFR, 2023/1113) | The updated TFR extends the FATF Travel Rule to crypto-asset transfers and requires payment service providers to include payer/payee information with all fund transfers, regardless of amount. Directly governs AqNova's cross-border payment operations within the EU. |
| EU Beneficial Ownership Registers (5AMLD requirement) | All EU member states must maintain public or partially public beneficial ownership registers. AqNova references these registers in its beneficial ownership verification process for EU-domiciled vendor entities. |
| EU DORA (Digital Operational Resilience Act, 2022/2554) | While primarily an ICT risk regulation, DORA's requirements for financial entities' digital infrastructure resilience directly affect AqNova's payment processor relationships and the technology systems used in AML transaction monitoring. |
| Law / Regulation | AML Obligations for AqNova |
|---|---|
| Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (POCA 2002) | The primary UK AML statute. Part 7 creates the principal money laundering offences: concealing, arranging, and acquiring criminal property. Part 7 also creates the Suspicious Activity Reporting (SAR) regime administered by the National Crime Agency (NCA). Section 330 creates a failure to disclose offence for regulated sector persons. |
| Terrorism Act 2000 (TACT 2000) & Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015 | Terrorist financing offences; duty to disclose terrorist financing knowledge or suspicion; application to online platforms facilitating payments. |
| Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds Regulations 2017 (MLR 2017, as amended) | The principal secondary legislation implementing EU AML Directives into UK law (retained post-Brexit). Imposes customer due diligence, enhanced due diligence for high-risk situations, ongoing monitoring, and SAR filing obligations on regulated businesses. AqNova's UK payment operations comply with MLR 2017. |
| UK Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act 2018 (SAMLA) | Establishes the UK's post-Brexit autonomous sanctions regime administered by OFSI (Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation). AqNova screens all users against UK sanctions lists. |
| HM Treasury / FCA Guidance on AML | Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and HM Treasury guidance supplements MLR 2017 for regulated financial sector firms. AqNova engages with applicable FCA guidance for its UK payment facilitation activities. |
| Law / Regulation | AML Obligations for AqNova |
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| Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (PCMLTFA, 2001) | Canada's primary AML statute. Requires reporting entities (including money services businesses and certain e-commerce platforms) to: report suspicious transactions (STRs) to FINTRAC (Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada); report large cash transactions (LCTRs); maintain KYC records; and comply with FINTRAC regulations. |
| FINTRAC Guidelines | FINTRAC issues detailed regulatory guidance on: customer identification and verification; beneficial ownership; PEPs and heads of international organizations (HIOs); ongoing monitoring; and reporting obligations. AqNova's Canadian AML program is calibrated against current FINTRAC guidelines. |
| Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) Reporting | Reporting entities must report international EFTs of CAD 10,000 or more to FINTRAC. Applies to AqNova's cross-border payment flows involving Canadian accounts. |
| Terrorist Financing Regulations (SOR/2001-360) | Extends PCMLTFA obligations to terrorist financing; requires reporting of suspected terrorist property to FINTRAC and RCMP/CSIS. |
| Jurisdiction | AML Legal Framework |
|---|---|
| Nigeria — Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act 2022 | The MLPPA 2022 is Nigeria's primary AML statute, replacing the 2011 Act. Establishes customer due diligence requirements, beneficial ownership obligations, and STR filing requirements to the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU). Regulated entities include financial institutions, designated non-financial businesses, and payment service providers. |
| Nigeria — Terrorism (Prevention and Prohibition) Act 2022 | Governs CFT obligations in Nigeria; requires reporting of terrorist financing suspicions to NFIU and DSS. |
| Nigeria — NFIU Guidance | The Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit issues guidelines on customer identification, PEPs, and transaction reporting for regulated entities. |
| Kenya — Proceeds of Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Act 2009 (POCAMLA) | Kenya's AML statute; establishes the Financial Reporting Centre (FRC) as the FIU; requires customer due diligence, suspicious transaction reports, and large cash transaction reports. AqNova's Kenya-market operations comply with POCAMLA and FRC regulations. |
| Ghana — Anti-Money Laundering Act 2008 (Act 749, amended 2014) | Establishes the Financial Intelligence Centre (FIC Ghana) as the FIU; requires accountable institutions to conduct CDD, report suspicious transactions, and maintain records. The FIC supervises AML compliance for non-bank financial institutions including e-commerce payment facilitators. |
| South Africa — Financial Intelligence Centre Act 38 of 2001 (FICA) | FICA establishes the Financial Intelligence Centre (FIC) and imposes customer due diligence, record-keeping, and suspicious transaction reporting obligations on accountable institutions. The Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) and Prudential Authority supervise AML compliance for financial sector entities. AqNova's South Africa operations comply with FICA and applicable FIC guidance notes. |
| Jurisdiction | AML Legal Framework |
|---|---|
| Brazil — Law 9.613/1998 (as amended by Law 12.683/2012) | Brazil's primary AML statute; criminalizes money laundering; establishes COAF (Financial Activities Control Council) as the FIU; requires reporting entities to conduct due diligence and file suspicious transaction reports (Comunicacoes de Operacoes Suspeitas — COS) with COAF. Brazil's AML framework has been significantly strengthened following FATF assessments. |
| Brazil — Circular BCB 3.978/2020 (Central Bank AML Circular) | Establishes detailed AML/CFT requirements for payment institutions (Instituicoes de Pagamento) regulated by the Banco Central do Brasil (BCB), including customer identification, transaction monitoring, and SAR filing standards. Applicable to AqNova's Brazil payment operations where AqNova engages regulated payment service providers. |
| Colombia — Law 526/1999; UIAF Regulations | Colombia's Financial Information and Analysis Unit (Unidad de Informacion y Analisis Financiero — UIAF) administers AML compliance. Reporting entities must conduct CDD and file suspicious operation reports (Reportes de Operaciones Sospechosas — ROS). The Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia supervises financial sector AML compliance. |
| Chile — Law 19.913 (2003, amended) | Establishes the Financial Analysis Unit (Unidad de Analisis Financiero — UAF); requires reporting entities to file suspicious transaction reports and maintain CDD records. AqNova's Chile-market operations comply with UAF requirements. |
| Argentina — Law 25.246 (as amended); UIF Regulations | Argentina's Financial Information Unit (Unidad de Informacion Financiera — UIF) administers AML obligations. Resolution 30-E/2017 and subsequent UIF resolutions establish CDD and reporting standards. AqNova's Argentina-market payment operations comply with UIF requirements. |
| Jurisdiction | AML Legal Framework |
|---|---|
| Australia — Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006 (AML/CTF Act) | AUSTRAC (Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre) administers AML/CTF compliance in Australia. The AML/CTF Act requires reporting entities to: enroll with AUSTRAC; conduct customer identification and verification (CIV); conduct ongoing due diligence; report suspicious matters (SMR), threshold transactions (TTR, AUD 10,000+), and international funds transfer instructions (IFTI). Significant AML/CTF Act amendments in 2024 expand the obligation base. |
| India — Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002 (PMLA) & Rules | The PMLA criminalizes money laundering and establishes the Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) as the national FIU. Obligated entities include payment system operators and intermediaries. Rules require CDD (Know Your Customer — KYC Master Direction, RBI), reporting of cash transactions above INR 10 lakh, and STR filing. AqNova's India-market operations comply with RBI KYC Master Direction and PMLA Rules. |
| Japan — Act on Prevention of Transfer of Criminal Proceeds (2007) | Japan's AML statute requires specified business operators to conduct customer due diligence, maintain transaction records, and report suspicious transactions to the Japan Financial Intelligence Center (JAFIC). The Act on Punishment of Organized Crimes (2000) criminalizes money laundering. AqNova's Japan operations comply with applicable specified business operator requirements. |
| Singapore — Corruption, Drug Trafficking and Other Serious Crimes (Confiscation of Benefits) Act (CDSA) | Singapore's primary AML statute administered by the Suspicious Transaction Reporting Office (STRO). Payment service providers licensed under the Payment Services Act 2019 are subject to MAS AML/CFT Notice PSN02. AqNova's Singapore payment operations comply with MAS Notice PSN02 and applicable STRO requirements. |
| South Korea — Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information (STF Act) | South Korea's AML framework administered by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KoFIU). Reporting entities must file suspicious transaction reports (STRs) and currency transaction reports (CTRs) for transactions above KRW 10 million. The Regulation on Supervision of Electronic Financial Transactions governs AML for electronic payment providers. |
AqNova's AML program is founded on the FATF Risk-Based Approach (RBA), which requires that the allocation of AML resources and the intensity of due diligence measures be proportionate to the assessed level of money laundering and terrorist financing risk associated with a given customer, product, transaction, or geographic relationship. The RBA does not mean accepting higher risk — it means understanding it and applying controls accordingly.
AqNova conducts a formal Enterprise-Wide AML Risk Assessment (EWRA) annually, and on an ad hoc basis whenever material changes occur in: the Platform's product or service offerings; the jurisdictions in which it operates; its customer base composition; payment methods accepted; or the external risk environment (including FATF plenary updates and national regulatory guidance).
The EWRA evaluates ML/TF risk across four primary dimensions:
| CUSTOMER RISK | Risk factors associated with the types of customers using the Platform: business type (sole trader, private company, cooperative, etc.); industry sector; geographic origin; PEP status; adverse media; ownership structure complexity; nature of products sold; and transaction history. High-risk customer factors include: complex or opaque ownership structures; customers from high-risk jurisdictions; PEPs and their associates; cash-intensive businesses; and customers with unusual or inconsistent transaction patterns. |
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| PRODUCT / SERVICE RISK | Risk factors associated with Platform features: payment methods accepted (card payments, bank transfer, mobile money, digital wallets, cryptocurrency); transaction sizes and velocity; anonymity features; speed of fund settlement; cross-border payment flows; and marketplace transaction structure. E-commerce platforms face specific risks: smurfing through multiple small transactions; value transfer through over-invoicing or under-invoicing (TBML); use of marketplace accounts as money mule vehicles. |
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| GEOGRAPHIC RISK | Risk factors based on the jurisdiction of the customer or the origin/destination of funds: FATF High-Risk Jurisdictions (Black List / Grey List); Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) country score; US State Department International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) country risk classifications; jurisdictions with weak AML supervision; high-crime or conflict-affected regions; and offshore financial centers with limited transparency. |
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| DELIVERY CHANNEL RISK | Risk factors associated with the manner in which the customer relationship is established and maintained: fully digital / non-face-to-face onboarding; use of digital identity verification; payment channels without in-person verification; third-party payment processors with varying AML standards; and use of intermediaries in the transaction chain. Fully digital onboarding, while efficient, requires robust electronic verification to mitigate elevated identity fraud and mule account risk. |
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Based on the EWRA, each customer and transaction is assigned a risk rating — Low, Medium, or High — which determines the level of due diligence applied:
| Risk Rating | Criteria (Indicative) | Due Diligence Level |
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| LOW | Individual buyer from low-risk jurisdiction; small transaction values; established payment methods; no adverse screening hits; consistent transaction behavior. | Standard CDD (Section 4.4). Ongoing monitoring at standard frequency. |
| MEDIUM | Business vendor from medium-risk jurisdiction; transaction values above platform average; new customer with limited transaction history; payment methods with moderate anonymity; single adverse media result requiring review. | Standard CDD with enhanced verification of business purpose and source of funds for larger transactions. Enhanced monitoring frequency. |
| HIGH | Customer from FATF Grey/Black List jurisdiction; PEP or PEP associate; complex beneficial ownership structure; transaction patterns inconsistent with stated business; multiple adverse media hits; prior SAR filing; products associated with TBML risk; cryptocurrency payments; unexplained transaction velocity. | Enhanced Due Diligence (EDD, Section 4.5). Senior management approval required for onboarding. Enhanced transaction monitoring. Possible Suspicious Activity Report filing. |
Customer Due Diligence (CDD) is the process of identifying customers, verifying their identity, understanding the nature of the business relationship, and conducting ongoing monitoring. It is the foundation of AqNova's AML program and is required before establishing a business relationship or conducting a transaction above applicable thresholds.
For individual buyer accounts, AqNova collects and verifies the following information as part of its CDD process:
| CDD Element | Requirement & Verification Method |
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| Full Legal Name | Required at registration. Cross-referenced against sanctions and PEP databases at onboarding and on a periodic re-screening basis. |
| Date of Birth | Required at registration. Used for identity verification and age eligibility confirmation. |
| Country of Residence | Required at registration. Used for geographic risk rating and regulatory jurisdiction determination. |
| Email Address | Required; verified via email confirmation link at registration. |
| Payment Method Identity | Payment card or bank account must be in the registered user's name or in the name of a related entity. Third-party payment cards are subject to enhanced scrutiny. |
| ID Verification (Risk-Based) | For accounts triggering elevated risk factors (high transaction value, geographic risk, behavioral flags), AqNova may require government-issued photo ID verification via an approved digital identity verification provider (e.g., Jumio, Onfido, Persona, or equivalent). |
| Address Verification (Risk-Based) | For high-risk accounts or transactions, AqNova may require address verification through document upload or third-party database check. |
Vendor onboarding involves more extensive CDD commensurate with the commercial nature of the relationship and the higher inherent risk of business accounts. The following information is required for all vendor business entity registrations:
| CDD Element | Requirement & Verification Method |
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| Legal Entity Name | Full registered legal name as appearing in national business registry. Verified against national business registry database. |
| Jurisdiction of Formation / Registration | Country (and state/province, where applicable) of formation. Verified via business registry filing. |
| Business Registration Number | Company registration number, EIN/tax identification, VAT registration, or local equivalent. Verified against national registry. |
| Registered Address | Registered office address as appearing in national registry. Cross-referenced against business registry. |
| Primary Business Activity | Detailed description of the vendor's business and the specific products to be listed. Reviewed for consistency with listing activity and source of goods. |
| Anticipated Transaction Profile | Expected monthly transaction volume and average transaction value. Used to calibrate transaction monitoring thresholds. |
| Beneficial Ownership | Full beneficial ownership disclosure (see Section 4.7). Required for all legal entity vendors. |
| Directors / Authorized Signatories | Names, nationalities, and dates of birth of all directors and individuals with signing authority. Screened against sanctions, PEP, and adverse media databases. |
| Bank Account Details | Bank account for payout settlement. Account must be in the entity's registered name with a regulated financial institution. Third-party payout accounts are not permitted. |
| Supporting Documents | Certificate of incorporation/formation; current business registry extract (within 3 months); government-issued ID for all directors; and proof of business address (utility bill, bank statement — within 3 months). |
AqNova utilizes approved electronic identity verification (eIDV) providers to automate the verification of customer identity information at scale, consistent with FATF Guidance on Digital Identity (2020) and applicable national standards (including NIST SP 800-63-3 for US, EU eIDAS Regulation for EU, and Canada's DIACC Pan-Canadian Trust Framework for Canada).
AqNova's eIDV providers must meet the following minimum standards: ISO/IEC 27001 information security certification; compliance with applicable data protection law in each jurisdiction; documented fraud detection capabilities; support for biometric verification where required; and compatibility with national digital identity schemes (including GOV.UK Verify, Belgium eID, India Aadhaar, Singapore MyInfo, and equivalents where available).
For jurisdictions where digital identity verification databases have limited coverage, AqNova supplements eIDV with document verification (upload of government-issued ID documents) processed through an approved document verification provider. All verification decisions are logged with timestamp, verification method, outcome, and data source for audit purposes.
Simplified Due Diligence may be applied — with documented justification — in circumstances where the assessed risk is demonstrably low. SDD is not an absence of CDD; it means reduced intensity of specific measures. AqNova applies SDD only in the following circumstances:
Buyers making very low-value purchases below defined thresholds, with no adverse screening results and no risk flags, from low-risk jurisdictions.
Established buyers with a long, consistent, and unremarkable transaction history on the Platform, where periodic re-KYC triggers no new risk indicators.
SDD is never available where a customer or transaction involves a high-risk jurisdiction, a PEP, adverse screening results, or any unusual or complex ownership structure.
Enhanced Due Diligence (EDD) is a higher-intensity set of CDD measures applied to customers and transactions carrying elevated ML/TF risk. EDD is mandatory (not discretionary) in the circumstances described below. Senior management approval is required before establishing or continuing a high-risk customer relationship subject to EDD.
Customer is located in, registered in, or conducts business primarily with a jurisdiction on the FATF High-Risk Jurisdictions list (Black or Grey List) — see Section 4.15.
Customer is a Politically Exposed Person (PEP), immediate family member of a PEP, or close associate of a PEP — see Section 4.6.
Customer has a complex or opaque ownership structure involving multiple layers of holding companies, trusts, or foundations that obscures beneficial ownership.
Customer's stated business purpose or source of funds is inconsistent with the nature of their listings, transaction patterns, or geographic profile.
Customer has generated one or more SAR (Suspicious Activity Report) filings in AqNova's transaction history.
Customer is subject to adverse media reporting relating to financial crime, corruption, organized crime, terrorism, or sanctions evasion.
A transaction involves an unusual amount, an unusual payment method, an unusual source or destination jurisdiction, or an unusual beneficiary inconsistent with the customer's profile.
The customer is a money services business, exchange house, cryptocurrency service provider, or other intermediary presenting elevated layering risk.
Where EDD is triggered, AqNova applies the following additional measures, calibrated to the specific risk factors identified:
Source of Funds (SoF) Verification: The customer is required to provide documentary evidence of the legitimate origin of the funds being used in the transaction — for example, bank statements, salary slips, business financial statements, or proof of asset sale.
Source of Wealth (SoW) Verification (for PEPs and high-value relationships): Documentary evidence of the overall wealth of the individual or entity is required — for example, company accounts, audited financial statements, or inheritance documentation.
Senior Management Approval: Onboarding or continuing an EDD customer relationship requires written approval from AqNova's AML Officer or the Chief Compliance Officer. The approval is documented and retained.
Enhanced Ongoing Monitoring: Transactions involving EDD customers are subject to more frequent review, tighter automated monitoring thresholds, and periodic manual review by the AML Operations team.
Third-Party Intelligence: For high-risk vendor relationships, AqNova may commission third-party due diligence reports from recognized providers (e.g., Refinitiv World-Check, Dow Jones Risk & Compliance, LexisNexis Risk Solutions, or equivalent).
In-Person / Video KYC: For the highest-risk relationships, AqNova may require identity verification via video call with a trained AML Officer, consistent with applicable regulatory guidance on video-KYC.
Periodic Re-KYC: EDD customers are subject to full KYC refresh at intervals not exceeding 12 months (compared to the standard 24-month cycle for Low-risk customers).
A Politically Exposed Person (PEP) is an individual who is, or has been within the preceding 12 months, entrusted with a prominent public function, domestically or internationally. PEP status creates a heightened risk of corruption and bribery, which can be associated with money laundering of corruption proceeds.
AqNova's PEP definition aligns with FATF Recommendation 12 and applicable national law, and encompasses:
| PEP Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Heads of State / Government | Presidents, Prime Ministers, Monarchs, Chancellors, and equivalent. |
| Senior Politicians / Government Officials | Ministers, Deputy Ministers, Members of Parliament, Senators, and elected/appointed senior government officials at national level. |
| Senior Judicial Officials | Supreme Court justices, Constitutional Court justices, and equivalent senior members of the judiciary. |
| Senior Military Officials | Generals, Admirals, and senior officers in national armed forces above Colonel/Captain equivalent. |
| Senior Executives of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) | CEOs, CFOs, Board Chairs, and Directors of government-controlled corporations. |
| Senior Officials of International Organizations | Directors-General, Presidents, Senior VPs of the UN, World Bank, IMF, regional development banks, OECD, EU institutions, and equivalent bodies. |
| Senior Officials of Political Parties | Leaders, Deputy Leaders, Treasurers of major national political parties. |
| Close Family Members of PEPs | Spouse or civil partner; parents; children and their spouses/civil partners; siblings. |
| Known Close Associates of PEPs | Individuals known to have close business, personal, or financial relationships with PEPs; beneficial owners of entities associated with PEPs. |
AqNova screens all customers against a real-time PEP database at onboarding and re-screens the entire customer database at regular intervals (not less than monthly). PEP databases used must be updated in real-time or near-real-time by the data provider. Recognized PEP database providers include: Refinitiv World-Check; Dow Jones Risk & Compliance; LexisNexis Risk Solutions; Moody's Analytics (BvD Orbis); ComplyAdvantage; and Trulioo.
All confirmed PEP identifications trigger mandatory EDD (Section 4.5). No PEP customer relationship may be established or continued without: senior management sign-off (AML Officer or CCO level); documented EDD measures including source of wealth verification; and enhanced ongoing monitoring. The decision to onboard or continue a PEP relationship is reviewed annually at minimum.
Domestic PEPs — persons holding prominent public functions in AqNova's home jurisdictions — are assessed on a risk-sensitive basis. While domestic PEPs require EDD at initial onboarding, ongoing EDD intensity may be calibrated where the domestic PEP is clearly using the Platform for low-value personal shopping and the risk context is low.
A Beneficial Owner is the natural person(s) who ultimately owns or controls a legal entity customer — whether through direct or indirect ownership of shares, voting rights, or other means, or who otherwise exercises ultimate effective control over the entity. Beneficial ownership transparency is a cornerstone of FATF Recommendation 24 and a mandatory AML requirement in every jurisdiction in which AqNova operates.
AqNova defines a beneficial owner as any natural person who:
Directly or indirectly owns or controls 25% or more of the voting shares or equity interest in the legal entity — consistent with the US FinCEN CDD Rule (25% threshold), EU AMLD (25% threshold), UK MLR 2017 (25% threshold), and equivalent standards.
Exercises ultimate effective control over the management and decisions of the entity through other means, regardless of ownership percentage (controlling person).
Where no natural person meets the ownership threshold or can be identified through reasonable means, AqNova identifies the senior managing official (CEO, Director, or equivalent) as the beneficial owner for CDD purposes, while documenting the measures taken to identify ownership.
All legal entity vendor customers must submit a Beneficial Ownership Declaration at onboarding, disclosing all natural persons meeting the beneficial owner definition. AqNova verifies beneficial ownership information through the following steps:
Step 1 — Self-Declaration: Vendor completes the Beneficial Ownership Declaration form in the Platform's compliance portal, naming all beneficial owners with ownership percentage, nationality, date of birth, and government-issued ID details.
Step 2 — Registry Cross-Reference: Where available, AqNova cross-references disclosed ownership against national beneficial ownership registers (EU member state registers, UK Companies House, Canadian Corporations Canada registry, ASIC Australia, and equivalents).
Step 3 — Document Verification: Certified copies of government-issued ID for all disclosed beneficial owners holding 25%+ are required. Certification may be by a notary, lawyer, accountant, or other recognized professional.
Step 4 — Adverse Screening: All disclosed beneficial owners are screened against sanctions, PEP, and adverse media databases.
Step 5 — Inconsistency Investigation: Where disclosed ownership information is inconsistent with public registry data, third-party business intelligence sources, or transaction patterns, AqNova requests additional documentation and, if unresolved, escalates to the AML Officer.
Beneficial ownership information is re-verified in full every 24 months for standard-risk vendors and every 12 months for high-risk vendors, or immediately upon any material change in ownership structure notified by the vendor or detected through monitoring.
Sanctions compliance is legally distinct from but operationally integrated with AML compliance. AqNova maintains a zero-tolerance policy for dealings with sanctioned persons, entities, and jurisdictions. Unlike AML obligations — where a risk-based approach permits calibration of intensity — sanctions screening admits of no de minimis exception or risk tolerance. Any match against a sanctions list is treated as a potential violation requiring immediate escalation.
| Sanctions Authority / List | Geographic Jurisdiction |
|---|---|
| OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) List | United States — administered by Treasury Department Office of Foreign Assets Control |
| OFAC Consolidated Sanctions List (all programs) | United States — includes country-specific sanctions programs (Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, Syria, and others) |
| EU Consolidated Sanctions List | European Union — administered by European External Action Service |
| UN Security Council Consolidated Sanctions List | Global — administered by UN Security Council 1267 Committee |
| UK Financial Sanctions List (HMT/OFSI) | United Kingdom — administered by Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation |
| DFAT Autonomous Sanctions List | Australia — administered by Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade |
| Global Affairs Canada Autonomous Sanctions | Canada — administered by Global Affairs Canada |
| SECO Swiss Sanctions List | Switzerland — administered by State Secretariat for Economic Affairs |
| Japan METI / MoFA Sanctions Lists | Japan — administered by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Ministry of Foreign Affairs |
| FATF High-Risk Jurisdictions (Black & Grey Lists) | Global — published by FATF plenary (updated 3 times per year) |
| Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) Entity List | United States — export control debarred parties |
| US Department of State Debarred List (ITAR) | United States — defense trade controls debarment |
| National AML-Specific Prohibited Lists | Nigeria (NFIU), South Africa (FIC), Kenya (FRC), Brazil (COAF/BCB) and other applicable national lists |
At Onboarding: All new customers (buyers and vendors) are screened against all applicable sanctions lists before their account is approved and before any transaction is processed.
Periodic Re-Screening: AqNova performs automated re-screening of its entire active customer base against all sanctions lists on a daily basis using its real-time screening platform. This ensures that customers not sanctioned at onboarding are identified promptly if they are subsequently added to a sanctions list.
Transaction-Level Screening: All payment transactions are screened in real-time for sanctions exposure — including payer identity, payee identity, transaction destination, and payment intermediary details.
Fuzzy Matching: AqNova's screening system uses fuzzy matching algorithms to identify potential sanctions matches that involve name variations, transliterations, aliases, or partial name entries, reducing the risk of evasion through minor name alterations.
Match Review Process: All potential sanctions matches are reviewed by AqNova's compliance team within 1 Business Day of identification. Confirmed matches result in immediate account freeze, transaction block, and escalation to the AML Officer and General Counsel. OFAC and applicable national authority are notified as required by law.
False Positive Management: A documented false positive review process ensures that customer accounts are not incorrectly frozen. All false positive determinations are documented with full analysis and reviewer identification.
AqNova operates a risk-based transaction monitoring program designed to detect suspicious patterns, unusual transaction behavior, and potential money laundering or terrorist financing activity in real time and through retrospective analysis. The program uses a combination of automated rule-based systems, behavioral analytics, and machine learning models, supplemented by manual review by trained AML analysts.
The following scenarios — drawn from FATF guidance on e-commerce ML risk, FinCEN advisories, and AqNova's own risk assessment — are examples of patterns that trigger transaction monitoring alerts. The specific thresholds and parameters are maintained in AqNova's restricted AML Operations Manual.
| Scenario Category | Indicative Red Flag | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Structuring / Smurfing | Multiple transactions just below reporting or monitoring thresholds from the same account or related accounts within a short timeframe. | Classic ML technique to avoid threshold-based reporting. Illegal under BSA 31 U.S.C. § 5324 and equivalent national laws. |
| Rapid Fund Movement | Funds deposited to a vendor payout account and immediately withdrawn or transferred to a third party with no apparent commercial purpose. | Layering technique — using the Platform's payout function as a pass-through mechanism. |
| Account / Mule Behavior | Buyer account used exclusively for receiving refunds with no corresponding purchase history; refunds sent to different payment methods than the original purchase. | Classic money mule account pattern. |
| Inconsistent Transaction Profile | Transaction volume or values that significantly and unexpectedly exceed the anticipated transaction profile established at onboarding. | May indicate account takeover, unauthorized use, or ML activity inconsistent with the stated business purpose. |
| Geographic Anomaly | Transactions initiated from IP addresses or device locations inconsistent with the customer's registered country, particularly from sanctioned or high-risk jurisdictions. | May indicate sanctions evasion, unauthorized account use, or use of VPN to circumvent geographic controls. |
| Trade-Based Signals | Systematic purchase of high-value, easily-resaleable commodities (electronics, gift cards, luxury goods) followed by immediate resale attempts; systematic over-pricing or under-pricing of listed goods. | Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML) indicators — see Section 4.10. |
| Velocity Anomalies | Unusually high number of transactions, accounts, or payment methods linked to a single IP address, device, or physical address. | May indicate coordinated ML ring, synthetic identity fraud, or account factory operation. |
| Round-Dollar Transactions | Unusual concentration of transactions at exact round-dollar amounts with no legitimate pricing explanation. | Common ML indicator — human-directed transactions often use round numbers to simplify accounting. |
| Cryptocurrency Patterns | Use of cryptocurrency for payments combined with rapid conversion to fiat currency through multiple wallets or exchanges. | Layering through crypto conversion is a recognized ML technique. |
| Refund / Return Manipulation | Systematic refund requests without actual return of goods; refund amounts inconsistent with purchase amounts. | May indicate ML through fraudulent refund mechanism or coordinated return fraud. |
All transaction monitoring system alerts are reviewed by AqNova's AML Operations team through a structured alert management workflow:
Level 1 Review (AML Analyst): Initial triage within 24 hours. Analyst determines whether the alert is a false positive (closed with documented rationale) or requires further investigation (escalated to Level 2).
Level 2 Review (Senior AML Analyst): Detailed investigation within 3 Business Days. Reviews transaction history, customer profile, CDD documentation, and external intelligence. Determines whether a SAR is warranted or the alert is closed with enhanced monitoring.
Level 3 Escalation (AML Officer): For complex or high-value cases. AML Officer reviews the full investigation file and makes the final SAR filing decision. SAR filed within applicable statutory deadline.
Audit Trail: Every alert, review action, decision, and rationale is documented in AqNova's case management system. No alert may be closed without a documented disposition and approving officer signature.
Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML) involves the use of commercial trade transactions — including e-commerce transactions — to disguise and transfer the proceeds of crime. The FATF and Egmont Group have identified TBML as one of the three primary methods of money laundering globally, alongside cash smuggling and financial system abuse.
E-commerce platforms are particularly vulnerable to TBML due to: the ability to create fictitious or inflated transactions; the difficulty of verifying the physical delivery and fair market value of goods; the involvement of multiple jurisdictions in a single transaction; and the use of digital payment methods that can obscure the true originator or beneficiary of funds.
The following indicators specifically relevant to e-commerce TBML are integrated into AqNova's transaction monitoring and vendor review processes:
Systematic over-invoicing: Products listed at prices significantly above market value or comparable listings, particularly for transactions with buyers in different jurisdictions.
Systematic under-invoicing: Products listed at prices significantly below market value, suggesting an unreported value transfer between vendor and buyer.
Multiple payments for a single low-value item: Breaking a single transaction into multiple smaller payments across different payment methods or accounts.
Phantom shipments: Order confirmations and tracking data that do not correspond to actual goods movement; high rates of orders marked as "delivered" with no buyer confirmation and subsequent refund requests from unrelated parties.
Round-trip transactions: Buyer and vendor located in the same jurisdiction but routing payment through a third jurisdiction with no commercial purpose for the routing.
Unusual commodity focus: Vendors whose listings are dominated by commodities frequently associated with TBML — gold, gemstones, luxury watches, electronic goods, gift cards — particularly combined with high-volume transaction profiles.
Third-party payment: Payments made by a third party unrelated to the buyer, with no apparent commercial explanation.
Mismatched counterparties: The identity, location, or profile of the buyer or vendor is inconsistent with the nature of the goods being traded.
AqNova implements the following TBML-specific controls:
Pricing reasonableness review: AqNova's product curation system flags listings priced at more than 3x the median market price for the category or less than 30% of the median market price, for compliance team review.
Shipping verification integration: For high-risk transactions, AqNova cross-references carrier tracking data to verify that goods were physically shipped and received, reducing phantom shipment risk.
Cross-jurisdictional transaction analysis: AqNova's transaction monitoring system analyzes patterns in cross-border transactions to identify routing structures inconsistent with legitimate commercial trade.
High-risk commodity enhanced monitoring: Vendors in high-risk commodity categories are subject to enhanced transaction monitoring and may be required to provide customs documentation or export permits.
AqNova is required to file reports with applicable national Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs) whenever it knows, suspects, or has reasonable grounds to suspect that a transaction or attempted transaction involves the proceeds of crime, money laundering, terrorist financing, or proliferation financing. This obligation applies regardless of the amount involved, and regardless of whether the transaction was completed or merely attempted. The obligation to file a SAR (Suspicious Activity Report) or STR (Suspicious Transaction Report) — terminology varies by jurisdiction — is not discretionary once the suspicion threshold is met.
| Jurisdiction | FIU Authority & Filing Requirements |
|---|---|
| United States | FinCEN SAR (BSA E-Filing System). Filed within 30 days of detection. Extension to 60 days if subject not yet identified. USD 5,000 threshold for financial institutions (no threshold for complete knowledge). 'No tipping off' obligation under 31 U.S.C. § 5318(g). |
| European Union | National FIU in the member state where the customer is located or the transaction occurs. Filing within timeframes specified by national law (typically 24 hours for urgent cases, up to 14 days for standard cases). EU AML Regulation (when enacted) will harmonize filing standards. |
| United Kingdom | National Crime Agency (NCA) — UKFIU. SAR filed via SARs Online. No threshold. Filing within 7 days for urgent cases. Moratorium period of 7 days (extendable to 31 days) applies to 'consent SARs.' |
| Canada | FINTRAC STR. Filed within 30 business days of determining that there are reasonable grounds to suspect. No minimum threshold. |
| Australia | AUSTRAC SMR (Suspicious Matter Report). Filed within 3 business days if transaction not yet occurred; within 24 hours if transaction has occurred and involves risk of loss. |
| Brazil | COAF via SISCOAF portal. Required reports for transactions at or above BRL 10,000 or where ML/TF is suspected. 24-hour deadline for urgent cases. |
| Nigeria | NFIU STR. Filed within 7 days of transaction triggering suspicion. No threshold. |
| South Africa | FIC STR. Filed within the period required by FIC directive (currently 15 business days from date of knowledge or suspicion). |
| Kenya | FRC STR. Filed within 3 business days of suspicion arising. |
| India | FIU-IND STR. Filed within 7 days. Threshold: cash transactions above INR 10 lakh; all suspicious transactions regardless of amount. |
| Singapore | STRO STR. Filed as soon as reasonably practicable after knowledge or suspicion arises. No threshold. |
| Japan | JAFIC STR. Filed within 20 business days of suspicion. No minimum threshold for transactions involving criminal proceeds. |
AqNova's AML Policy strictly prohibits 'tipping off' — the disclosure to a customer or any third party that a SAR or STR has been filed or is being considered in connection with their account or transactions. This prohibition applies to all AqNova employees, contractors, and management. Violation of the tipping-off prohibition is a criminal offense in all jurisdictions where AqNova operates and will result in immediate disciplinary action and law enforcement referral.
The existence, content, and outcome of any SAR or STR filed by AqNova, and the identity of any person or transaction the subject of such a report, are strictly confidential and may not be disclosed to any person other than: the relevant FIU; AqNova's AML Officer and legal counsel; and AqNova's external auditors under appropriate confidentiality constraints. Even within AqNova, SAR information is provided on a strict need-to-know basis.
Under applicable law in all major jurisdictions (including 31 U.S.C. § 5318(g)(3) in the US, Section 337A of POCA 2002 in the UK, and equivalent provisions globally), AqNova and its employees who file SARs in good faith are protected from civil liability for the disclosure. AqNova indemnifies all employees who file SARs in good faith in accordance with this Policy against any legal action arising from that filing.
AqNova maintains comprehensive AML records to support the detection and investigation of money laundering and terrorist financing, to enable regulatory review and audit, and to facilitate law enforcement information requests. Record retention periods are set at the maximum of: the applicable statutory minimum in each jurisdiction; or 5 years from the end of the business relationship or the date of a transaction, consistent with FATF Recommendation 11 and the majority of global AML frameworks.
| Record Category | Content & Retention Standard |
|---|---|
| Customer Identity Records | All CDD and KYC documentation collected at onboarding and during the relationship — including ID documents, business registration documents, beneficial ownership declarations, and verification results. Retained for the period of the relationship plus 5 years (7 years in some jurisdictions — see below). |
| Transaction Records | Complete records of all Platform transactions — including transaction date, amount, currency, payment method, payer/payee identities, destination account, product description, and transaction status. Retained for 5 years from transaction date (7 years in Brazil; 7 years in Australia under AUSTRAC requirements; 6 years in the UK). |
| SAR/STR Filing Records | Copies of all filed SARs/STRs; supporting investigation documentation; alert records and disposition notes; and correspondence with FIUs. Retained for 5 years from filing date (7 years in UK). SAR records are strictly confidential — physical and digital access restricted to AML Officer, CCO, and legal counsel. |
| EDD Documentation | Source of funds documentation; source of wealth documentation; senior management approval records; third-party due diligence reports; and enhanced monitoring outputs. Retained for 5 years post-relationship. |
| Sanctions Screening Records | Screening results and outcomes; false positive analysis; confirmed match investigation records; and OFAC/sanctions authority notifications. Retained for 5 years. |
| AML Training Records | Records of all AML training completed by employees: course completed; date; employee name and role; assessment score; and certification. Retained for the period of employment plus 5 years. |
| Transaction Monitoring Alerts | All alerts generated by the transaction monitoring system; disposition records; escalation decisions; and investigation outcomes. Retained for 5 years. |
All AML records are stored in encrypted format, with access strictly controlled on a need-to-know basis consistent with AqNova's information security framework and applicable data protection law. AML records are stored on systems with appropriate backup and disaster recovery capabilities to ensure they remain retrievable for the full statutory retention period.
AML records may be stored electronically provided: records are searchable and retrievable in a timely manner to satisfy regulatory requests; records are stored in a format that cannot be altered retroactively without detection; access to records is logged; and records can be produced in a legible format acceptable to the relevant regulatory authority.
FATF Recommendation 18 and applicable national law require that all covered businesses maintain comprehensive AML training programs to ensure that employees know and understand their AML obligations, can recognize suspicious activity, and know how to respond appropriately.
| Employee Category | Training Requirement |
|---|---|
| All Employees | Mandatory AML Awareness Training at onboarding (within 30 days of hire) and annually thereafter. Covers: what is money laundering and terrorist financing; AqNova's AML Policy; personal obligations under the Policy; how to recognize and internally report suspicious activity; the 'no tipping off' rule; and consequences of non-compliance. |
| AML Operations & Compliance Staff | Advanced AML Training at onboarding and annually. Additional training on: transaction monitoring systems and alert review; SAR/STR filing procedures; EDD methodologies; PEP identification; TBML detection; and applicable regulatory updates. Minimum 8 hours per year. |
| AML Officer & Senior Compliance | Advanced AML Training plus: jurisdiction-specific regulatory training; AML risk assessment methodology; regulator relationship management; and emerging ML/TF typologies. Minimum 16 hours per year. AML Officer must hold or be actively pursuing a recognized AML professional qualification (CAMS, ICA, or equivalent). |
| Senior Management & Board | Annual AML briefing covering: the year's ML/TF risk landscape; significant regulatory developments; AqNova's AML performance metrics and any material incidents; and emerging risks relevant to e-commerce platforms. 2 hours minimum. |
| Customer-Facing & Onboarding Staff | Training on KYC procedures; document verification; customer risk assessment; and escalation protocols. Required at onboarding and semi-annually thereafter. |
| Technology / Platform Development | Training on AML requirements relevant to platform design: privacy and data security for AML records; transaction monitoring system requirements; identity verification system standards; and AML implications of new product features. |
All AML training programs include a post-training assessment with a minimum passing score of 80%. Employees who fail the assessment are required to repeat the training and re-test within 10 Business Days. Employees who fail the assessment on a second attempt are flagged for performance management review and additional targeted training. Training completion records are maintained in accordance with Section 4.12.1.
AqNova processes payments through third-party Payment Processors. These relationships create potential AML risk — AqNova's Platform is only as strong as the AML controls of the payment infrastructure through which its transactions flow. AqNova applies a rigorous due diligence and ongoing oversight framework to all Payment Processor relationships.
Before onboarding any Payment Processor, AqNova conducts due diligence covering:
Regulatory licensing: Confirmation that the Payment Processor holds all required licenses and registrations in the jurisdictions in which it processes payments, including money transmission licenses (US), PSD2 authorization (EU), FCA authorization (UK), FINTRAC registration (Canada), and equivalent.
AML program review: Review of the Payment Processor's AML/KYC Policy, including their customer identification standards, transaction monitoring capabilities, SAR filing procedures, and sanctions screening program.
FATF jurisdiction assessment: Confirmation that the Payment Processor does not operate in FATF Black-Listed jurisdictions without equivalent AML safeguards.
Financial stability and reputation: Review of audited financial statements, ownership structure, regulatory history, and adverse media.
Contractual AML obligations: All Payment Processor agreements include contractual AML provisions requiring: adherence to applicable AML law; real-time sanctions screening; SAR filing in all applicable jurisdictions; information sharing with AqNova on AML-relevant matters; and notification of material AML incidents.
Ongoing oversight of Payment Processor relationships includes:
Annual AML program review: AqNova requests and reviews Payment Processor AML certifications, audit reports, and regulatory examination findings annually.
Incident notification requirement: Payment Processors must notify AqNova within 24 hours of any material AML incident, regulatory action, or significant sanctions violation.
Transaction-level monitoring: AqNova maintains its own transaction monitoring layer independently of Payment Processor monitoring, to ensure that AML detection does not depend solely on a third-party's systems.
Correspondent banking standards: Where AqNova's payment arrangements involve correspondent banking relationships, AqNova applies the Wolfsberg Group's Correspondent Banking Principles in its assessment and oversight of such relationships.
AqNova calibrates its geographic risk controls directly to FATF's published jurisdiction assessments, updated at each FATF plenary (typically three times per year — February, June, and October). Current FATF lists are available at fatf-gafi.org. AqNova's AML Operations team monitors FATF plenary outcomes and updates geographic risk controls within 5 Business Days of each FATF publication.
| FATF HIGH-RISK JURISDICTION CATEGORIES — CURRENT AS OF APRIL 2026 CATEGORY 1 — HIGH-RISK JURISDICTIONS SUBJECT TO CALL FOR ACTION (FATF BLACK LIST): Jurisdictions with strategic AML/CFT/CPF deficiencies calling for countermeasures. AqNova Policy: No new customer onboarding; existing customer relationships suspended pending EDD review; all transactions blocked pending AML Officer approval; enhanced reporting obligations. CATEGORY 2 — JURISDICTIONS UNDER INCREASED MONITORING (FATF GREY LIST): Jurisdictions with identified AML/CFT weaknesses working with FATF to address them. AqNova Policy: All new customers from Grey List jurisdictions subject to mandatory EDD; senior management approval required; enhanced transaction monitoring; quarterly review. NOTE: Specific jurisdiction names on current Black List and Grey List are maintained in AqNova's AML Operations Manual (updated upon each FATF plenary). For current lists, consult fatf-gafi.org/publications/high-risk-and-other-monitored-jurisdictions/ |
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Beyond FATF lists, AqNova considers the following additional geographic risk indicators in its country risk ratings:
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI): Countries scoring below 40/100 on the CPI are classified as elevated geographic risk, requiring enhanced monitoring of customer relationships.
US State Department INCSR: Countries identified in the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs' annual International Narcotics Control Strategy Report as major money laundering jurisdictions.
Basel AML Index: Countries scoring high on the Basel Institute on Governance's annual AML/CFT risk index.
Countries subject to comprehensive US, EU, or UN trade sanctions programs.
Jurisdictions with known high levels of trade-based money laundering activity in product categories relevant to AqNova.
AqNova maintains a Prohibited Jurisdictions List — distinct from the FATF list — of jurisdictions where AqNova will not onboard customers or process transactions under any circumstances. This list includes: jurisdictions subject to comprehensive US OFAC sanctions; jurisdictions subject to comprehensive EU or UN sanctions; and other jurisdictions designated by AqNova's AML Officer based on unacceptable residual risk following due diligence. The Prohibited Jurisdictions List is maintained in the restricted AML Operations Manual and is reviewed quarterly.
AML Officer (AMLO): AqNova designates a qualified AML Officer (AMLO) responsible for: oversight and implementation of this Policy; management of the AML Operations team; SAR/STR filing decisions; liaison with regulatory authorities and FIUs; and annual AML risk assessment. The AMLO must hold or be actively pursuing a recognized AML professional qualification (CAMS — Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist, ICA International Diploma in AML, or equivalent). The AMLO has direct reporting access to the CEO and Board.
Chief Compliance Officer (CCO): The CCO has overall accountability for AqNova's compliance program, including AML. The CCO approves the AML Policy annually, receives quarterly AML performance reports, and escalates material AML issues to the Board.
Board / Executive Oversight: The Board of Directors (or equivalent governance body) receives an annual AML report covering: risk assessment findings; SAR/STR filing statistics (no identifying details); regulatory developments; training completion rates; and material incidents. The Board approves the AML Policy. AML risk is included in AqNova's enterprise risk register.
AML Committee: An AML Oversight Committee comprising the AMLO, CCO, General Counsel, CFO, and Head of Payments meets monthly to review: transaction monitoring metrics; alert disposition statistics; SAR filing activity; EDD case reviews; regulatory and FATF developments; and training completion status.
Independence of AML Function: The AML function operates independently of commercial and business development functions. AML Officers may not be overruled on SAR filing decisions or CDD requirements by commercial management. Material AML decisions require AMLO sign-off regardless of commercial impact.
AqNova's AML program is subject to independent annual audit by a qualified external AML auditor with no commercial relationship to AqNova other than the audit engagement. The audit covers: policy and procedure review; sample testing of KYC records; transaction monitoring effectiveness review; SAR/STR filing accuracy; training records; and sanctions screening system testing. Audit findings are reported to the Board and, where required by applicable law, to the relevant regulatory authority. All material audit findings are remediated within the timeframe specified in the audit remediation plan, under the oversight of the CCO.
AqNova is committed to full, prompt, and transparent cooperation with AML regulatory authorities, FIUs, law enforcement agencies, and other competent authorities across all jurisdictions. This includes:
Responding to regulatory information requests within applicable statutory timeframes.
Granting regulatory authorities access to AML records and systems during examinations and investigations.
Proactively notifying regulators of material AML program weaknesses or significant incidents, consistent with applicable mandatory notification requirements.
Participating in public-private sector information-sharing initiatives (e.g., FinCEN Exchange in the US, JMLIT in the UK, ACIP in Australia) where appropriate and legally permitted.
This AML Policy is reviewed and updated annually — or more frequently in response to: significant regulatory changes; FATF standard updates; new product launches creating material AML risk; regulatory examination findings; or material AML incidents. All updates are approved by the CCO and Board before taking effect, and are communicated to all relevant employees within 5 Business Days of approval. The effective date and version history of all Policy updates are maintained in a Policy Change Register accessible to all compliance personnel.
| AqNova AML & Compliance Contacts AML Officer (Primary Contact): aml@aqnova.co Chief Compliance Officer: compliance@aqnova.co Sanctions Screening Issues: sanctions@aqnova.co KYC & CDD Queries: kyc@aqnova.co Internal Suspicious Activity Reports: aml-reports@aqnova.co [CONFIDENTIAL — No Tipping Off] Legal & Regulatory: legal@aqnova.com Payment Operations & Fraud: payments@aqnova.co AML Whistleblower (Anonymous): [Secure anonymous reporting platform] AML REGULATORY CONTACTS (Key Jurisdictions): United States — FinCEN: fincen.gov | SAR Filing: bsaefiling.fincen.treas.gov United Kingdom — NCA UKFIU: nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk | SARs Online: sars.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk Canada — FINTRAC: fintrac-canafe.gc.ca Australia — AUSTRAC: austrac.gov.au EU — National FIUs: egmontgroup.org/en/members Nigeria — NFIU: nfiu.gov.ng South Africa — FIC: fic.gov.za Kenya — FRC: frc.go.ke Registered Office: Arivon Holding Corporation C/O Arivon Holding Corporation, 2571 Saturn Avenue, Unit #265 Huntington Park, CA 90255, USA |
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AqNova Marketplace | Global Legal Footer Framework | Section 4: Anti-Money Laundering Policy
© 2026 Arivon Holding Corporation. All rights reserved. Effective April 7, 2026. Version 1.0.
CONFIDENTIAL — This document contains sensitive compliance information. Distribution restricted to authorized personnel, regulators, and external auditors. Does not constitute legal advice.